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Today most cell phone ringtones are snippets of existing songs. The ringtone has become a cultural tool that is always growing in popularity and is heading into a phase of rapid transformation.

Today, in the US mobile market, ringtones and ring back tones have become a very popular novelty for many users. Moreover, Instead of listening to the same standard ring as you wait for the other party to pick up, ring backs deliver a customized song. Younger users are embracing ring back tones on a wide scale. For carriers, ring backs offer yet another non-voice revenue opportunity, with full song downloads, music videos and ringtones already expanding their monthly revenues. While ring backs in India may be Bollywood-inspired, US mobile users prefer hip-hop or rock music.

For the young American, brash and catchy hip-hop beats and fast rock lyrics are the perfect mobile ringers. Meanwhile, hip-hop artists are helping to attract mobile consumers through ringtone exclusives. Other popular types of ringtones include reggae, Bollywood songs, Hispanic songs and also a lot of Arabic music. Also with the advent of digital music, even a lot of video clips along with music are used as ringtones on more advanced, video-capable phones.

Today, the Hispanic and the Asian users in the mobile market have increased so fast that the ringtones trends vary from state to state depending upon the ethnicity of the population. Falling prices of handsets, multiple music applications and high profile and co-branded devices will create new customer segments for mobile content services and drive these markets. So in the American ringtone market, everything from R&B, hip hop, reggae, hard rock, jazz, soul, country music, Bollywood, Bhangra, Chinese traditional, oriental or even music of African origin can be used as ringtones. And with this cross cultural Web always growing larger, the future of the ringtone industry will be a combination of all kinds of music from all across the world.

FreeRingtonesNow.net is a website that offers visitors the ability to find free ringtones and specific information on free us cellular ringtones.

Contact lenses may seem like a relatively recent invention but they were actually first proposed by Leonardo da Vinci. Read on to find out more about the 500 year history of contacts.

It seems almost incredible that da Vinci first made mention of placing lenses directly onto the eyes way back in 1508 but the great man, who also famously made original designs for a helicopter, was clearly way ahead of his time.

In terms of the modern contact lens, the first such instrument that most of us would recognise was originally developed in 1888 by a physiologist from Switzerland named AE Fick. Fick used a method of taking moulds from the eye to ensure that the lens would fit perfectly.

His early experiments on producing such moulds were usually conducted utilising rabbits. When Fick came to use the first pair of his own lenses he found them to be very uncomfortable - hardly surprising, since they were made of glass!

Indeed, the fact that early contact lenses were made of glass was a real limiting factor. They weren't just uncomfortable to wear - they were actually bad for the eyes if worn for any prolonged period of time.

All this was to change in the 1930s when American scientists produced the first plastic lenses. These were not, however, without their own problems. The new plastic lenses, like their glass predecessors, were designed to cover the whole eye.

Unfortunately, by covering the whole eye, these early lenses restricted the supply of oxygen, meaning that they were less than perfect.

In 1947 another American, Kevin Tuohy, came up with a lens that only covered the cornea, rather than the entire eye. His new lenses were known as corneal lenses and were similar to what we now know as "hard contact lenses".

The invention by Tuohy formed the basis of modern contact lenses. It's thanks to his design and the work of others before him that so many of us are now able to make use of contact lenses.

Indeed, you could say that the vision of these great inventors has helped many of us to see more clearly!

Keith Barrett has written on many subjects, from color contact lens options to wider health issues. This article may be used by any website publisher, though this resource box must always be included in full.

Ceiling fans have been available for more than a century and with energy costs rising, are more popular today than ever before. For pennies a day, while air conditioning is a wonderful luxury in hot climates, it is also expensive and can even turn interiors a bit too chilly unless carefully balanced.

During the winter months, ceiling fans set to the reverse setting recalculate warm air that rises to the ceiling, providing an even, comfortable temperature by moving the warmer air down from the ceiling hot air rises and back into your living space.

Ceiling fans are a terrific way to keep cool in the rooms you use most. Plus, they'll help save energy and lower your cooling costs. You may have noticed ceiling fans in popular restaurants, beachfront hotels, and tropical retreats, but may not have considered installing them in your own home.

Ceiling fans are available today in a wide variety of sizes, styles, and finishes. And whether you have a slanted ceiling, a high or a low ceiling, or even want to install a fan in an outside patio, there are products and accessories made just for these special situations.

Each of these will have an effect on what the fan will look like. Moreover, the blades may be made out of a different material than the center of the ceiling fan itself Often the blades can be made out of different material based on the consumer's choice and requirements.

You should also know what size fan you are looking for as many fans have blades that are different sizes than others. This is important for how the fan fits into the room. Ceiling fans circulate the air in a room, creating a wind chill effect. As a result, the air conditioning thermostat can be set to a higher temperature, saving energy.

About The Author: Roger King has been writing articles on home decorating ideas for several years, and has been helping people find and review the best value for interior design solutions.

Visit his web site www.all-homeinteriordesigns.com for free tips and guides for your home improvement projects

I was driving to work the other day, enjoying my obligatory glass of morning stimulant. This morning it was a can of Red Bull, I didnt have time to stop at Starbucks, and I noticed that the primary ingredient in Red Bull is Taurine. After hearing their commercial on the radio, I got to thinking. How exactly does Red Bull work, and does it really give you wings? Does it give you more energy? Does it make you more alert?

Well, upon inspecting the ingredients and doing some research, which wasnt hard working as a bulk vitamin distributor, I found that the Red Bull wings reference may be more geared to mental well being than to actual body energy. At least this may be the case with Taurine. As it turns out, Taurine is an amino acid that is used in our body for a number of activities. A couple of which are to act as a neural regulator, and to protect heart function. Substantial amounts of Taurine are also found in our eyes and stomach bile. There is no doubt that Taurine is beneficial, but I could not find any data that indicated it would give you an energy boost.

After searching and searching, I realized that the "wings" reference may be geared more toward your mental state. As I indicated, Taurine acts as a neural regulator. In fact, it is one of those chemicals in our brain that is responsible for a calm positive mood. Perhaps the wings effect is referring to the fact that the Taurine in Red Bull will make you calm and clear-headed. There has certainly been data to demonstrate that Taurine is effective when dealing with stress. Another ingredient that would indicate that the "wings" tag line may refer more to your mental state is the ingredient Inositol. This is another compound that has been shown to have a positive, calming, effect on your mood.

What about an energy boost? In looking at the ingredients, Caffeine certainly jumps out as a major stimulant. Other than that, sugar is always effective at providing a good short-term energy boost. These are probably the main ingredients that will make you more "vitalized."

So does Red Bull give you "Wings?" Well, the Taurine and Inositol in it will certainly make you feel good. It has caffeine, so there should be a small energy boost, and the other compounds listed can help with your metabolism. Overall, it should have a positive effect on your body, and at least make you feel a little calmer and more energized. As for wings, well, what would we do with them if we had them anyway?

About The Author

Barrett Niehus is a principal for IP Ware, http://www.freetrainer.com and a technical associate for Compound Solutions http://www.compoundsolutions.com in Escondido, California.

Marketing professionals work in large corporations and small companies and advertising and public relation agencies, government and consulting.

What They Do:

Over the years, global competition has become strong. To compete in a global market, companies invest in their marketing campaigns to ensure that they continue to attract customers. It is the job of the marketing manager to detail the strategy for their companies marketing plan. Team members such as market research managers and product development specialists support the marketing manager. These team members help to calculate the approximate demand for products and services, and the marketing manager develops a strategy to get their share of the market. Marketing managers also observe trends to come up with new products and services.

Training:

Those who wish to pursue a career in marketing will need to have at least a bachelors degree. Many large firms will even require that employees have a masters degree in business administration with a concentration in marketing. Your coursework for a marketing degree should cover subjects such as business law, economics, finance, mathematics, and statistics. Classes in marketing methods, advertising, research and strategy will also be touched upon. Other areas of study may include consumer behavior, multinational marketing, sales research, distribution and logistics.

Outlook:

Marketing and promotions jobs are very popular which will lead to stiff competition in the marketplace. Only the most highly educated and qualified marketing graduates with experience will get the most sought after positions. Those seeking to enter this field will need to be very creative and be able to effectively communicate with members of their team. Those who hold a masters degree or MBA will be in even higher demand. In addition, marketing professionals will need to have excellent computer skills to keep up with sales activities on the Internet. The median expected salary for a typical Marketing Manager in the United States is $79,297.

Mary Hart is an in-house writer for Online-Degrees-Today.com and has been writing about online business degree programs since 2004. To find out more information about earning your online marketing degree, click here.

In general, fireplace mantels are mostly European or Victorian in terms of sizes and themes. Throughout the years, makers of fireplace mantels have been creating fireplace mantels according to convention. Lately, however, a number of fireplace mantel shops are letting customers pick features from several fireplace mantel styles and themes, and combining these into their own custom fireplace mantel.

Many homeowners go with their own custom fireplace mantel after unsuccessfully finding the fireplace mantel that suits their needs. They resort to buying a custom fireplace mantel because they are not able to find the fireplace mantel that would go with the room, whether it's in terms of color, size, style, theme or utility.

Years ago, custom fireplace mantels were not available. However, in today's highly demanding world, where almost anything can be customized, custom fireplace mantels are just one more addition in every company's quest to satisfy customer needs.

Custom fireplace mantels are indeed the easy option to homeowners who want a fireplace mantel that is tailored exactly to their needs and preference. Customers are not restricted to the size and even color of the fireplace mantel. Customers can also combine different styles and themes of fireplace mantels to come up with their own unique and custom fireplace mantel. Typically, customers only need to choose the parts and designs they want and communicate that to the company that specializes in custom fireplace mantels and wait for the custom fireplace mantel of their dreams to be created and delivered.

Custom fireplace mantels can be quite expensive, though, since the process of creating custom fireplace mantels involves creating everything from scratch --from moulding and designing to coloring. Because of the work involved, custom fireplace mantels are more expensive than standard fireplace mantels. However, many homeowners find that the cost is worth it since they have a custom fireplace mantel that is exactly what they want and need.

For more information about Custom fireplace mantel please visit our Fireplace mantel webpage where you can find all kind of tips and advices regarding fireplace mantels.

If your bedroom furniture needs a change and you feel solid wood furniture is a bit too expensive, RTA is the answer for you. Ready-to-Assemble furniture, or RTA as commonly known, has been the most appreciable invention in the furniture world. RTA or the knock-down furniture was made popular by a Swedish company, and original RTA came with a blue and gold logo to mark its authenticity. Along with its various advantages like low cost, Portability and durability, a few undeserving disadvantages can definitely be ignored.

Over time RTA furniture has proved to be stronger that solid wood furniture, it can sustain more abuse and bare more weight compared to solid wood due to its manufacturing technique. It is made from particleboard compressed between two veneer sheet this makes it tuff and long-lasting. The absence of pores and cracks prevents moisture from humidity from affecting the strength and durability of the furniture. These few characteristics have actually proved RTA to be stronger than solid wood furniture.

You will agree that along with its other advantages, variety is also the biggest plus point in RTA furniture. If you wish to give your bedroom a contemporary look RTA furniture can be the perfect option. You can find anything from modern to simple, sleek solid tones, Dark tones like espresso and jet black are hot picks. RTA furniture always has a smoother surface compared to that of natural wood due the veneer sheets, hence it gives a much better finish compared to natural wood. It is more sensible to pick one of these rather than altering natural look of wood to suit your shade and style.

It is a known fact that anything that is made out of solid wood, be it furniture on other item definitely comes at a very high price. With the solid wood furniture in your bedroom you are forced to live with it even when it is old and outdated. But with RTA you can afford to redo your dcor as when trend changes with out too much expenses. This doesnt mean it is not durable, with a little care you can make it last for quiet a long time.

Adam Peters is a journalist who writes newsletters on bedrooms for http://www.home-decorating-reviews.com You can find more information and resources on swedish furniture at his website.

SPI stands for Serial to Peripheral Interface, and it is a hardware and firmware communications protocol developed by Motorola and later adopted by everybody. The SPI Bus is used only on the PCB. I am certain some of you will ask: Why is the SPI Bus used only on the PCB? What prevents us from using it outside the PCB area? The SPI Bus was specially designed to exchange data between various IC chips, at very high speeds; say, at 180 MHz or even more. Due to this high-speed aspect, the Bus lines cannot be too long, because their reactance increases too much, and the Bus becomes unusable. However, if you want, you could use the SPI Bus outside the PCB at low speeds, but this is not quite practical--the SPI Bus requires 3 or 4 communications lines, which are a bit too many, when compared to 1 or 2 lines usually needed to communicate, efficiently, with field devices located outside the PCB.

Anyway, on the PCB the SPI Bus is very good, because we can practically attach to the Bus as many ICs (or devices) as we want. Please excuse me for not providing a picture of the SPI Bus, but rest assured you do not need one: the SPI Bus is so simple that you will understand everything in words.

The next question is: Why is this SPI Bus particularly useful? Besides from exchanging data between various IC chips, the SPI Bus is a method of multiplying microcontrollers pins. In other words, if you have a tiny 8 pins microcontroller, you could control with that little monster few hundreds of digital Inputs and Outputs. This is impressive, and I am certain many doubt my words. Lets explain this.

The SPI Bus contains three lines, and they can be on any general I/O controller pins. These Bus lines are: Clock, Data-In, and Data-Out. In addition, each IC connected to the SPI Bus needs an individual Enable line. Things work like this: suppose we have four devices, A, B, C, and D; all of them are wired to the SPI Bus lines, and the Bus itself is wired to seven controller pins--this is 3 Bus lines plus the 4 Enable ones. When we want to send a message to device C, we enable its Enable line first, then we send the message serially, one bit at a time. In the same time devices A, B, and D do exactly nothing, because they are not enabled.

The beauty with the SPI Bus is, it is Synchronous, meaning, when the controller sends the message to one IC, it is also able to receive data from that IC, in the same time. This particular aspect of the SPI protocol is particularly well suited for microcontroller-to-microcontroller communications.

Now, we have seen a small 8 pins microcontroller can control 4 devices (ICs) using 7 pins. Taking into account one device of type A, B, C, or D could have eight or even sixteen I/O ports, this is still far from the hundreds Inputs and Outputs I promised to you. The next beautiful thing about the SPI Bus is: one device IC can be serialized with many more of the same type! For example, we could have B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, and so on. All ICs of type B# are serialized together, and they require only 4 microcontroller pins to make them work; the Enable line is common to all of them. Next, we can use each device of type A, B, C, and D as a group of tens similar ICs.

The enabling speed of each I/O port on the SPI Bus it is slower, when multiplying microcontrollers pins, but always take into account I/O field devices dont necessarily need speeds of, say 1000 ON/OFF activations per second each, simply because most of them cannot handle that speed. However, there are few, very smart firmware techniques like the barrel-shift type of functions, which allows us to maintain high-speed messaging on the SPI Bus, even if we have hundreds of I/Os. In the same time, the barrel-shift functions allow for better time management inside microcontroller, so that it has more time to execute other tasks--makes sense to me! To conclude, I believe it is clear now we can, indeed, build hundreds of efficient I/O lines on a small 8 pins controller.

Further from this general presentation of the SPI Bus, you should be aware almost all ICs implement the SPI protocol in a particular way. For detailed and practical applications I suggest you visit my home site at Corollary Theorems. There you are going to discover a good tutorial book about working with hardware, firmware--including the barrel-shift type of functions--and software design, in general, and about few nice and practical implementations of the SPI Bus in particular.

Many microcontrollers have built-in SPI Bus hardware modules, but I was never interested too much about using them. What I do, I always design--on the PCB and for one microcontroller--one, two or more custom SPI Busses, because my custom implementations are far more flexible. Besides, practical implementation of a custom SPI Bus, both in hardware and in firmware, is really simple--trust me with this one!

O G POPA is Professional Engineer in BC, Canada. His home site is Corollary Theorems at http://www.corollarytheorems.com

Global warming is the next big impact that will bring about a change in the weather patterns. By definition, Global Warming is the increase in average temperature that gradually warms the Earths atmosphere. It is a phenomenon, which has been on the rise but in the last century, the increase in the levels have been alarming.

The average temperature of the atmosphere has risen by 0.74 - 0.18 C during the last century. According to the study by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), it is observed that the increase in global average temperature has been caused due to an increase in greenhouse gas concentrations. This has led to an unprecedented warming of the Earths surface.

The other phenomenas responsible for global warming include volcanoes and solar variations. Base on some of the models by the IPCC, the prediction is that the global temperature is likely to rise by 1.1 to 6.4 C between 1990 and 2100. This increase in temperature will cause climatic changes and extreme weather conditions like rising sea level, change in the amount of precipitation, above average rainfall, melting of polar ice caps and glaciers, storms and hurricanes.

On the worse side, it will also affect yield of crops as well as plants and animals leading to extinction of different species. Global warming will increase the spread of diseases and there will be droughts and flooding, coral reef bleaching, forest fires etc. Global warming is no more a myth but a fast approaching reality, which in the long term will bring the much feared ice age that will wipe out all living organism on Earth.

George Christodoulou,

If you would like more information about the definition of global warming,
please visit http://globalwarming-online.com for more information, facts, and more.

Under no credit check student loans, credit is given for a definite purpose and for a predetermined period. Normally, these loans are repayable in installments. Funds are required for single non-repetitive transactions and are withdrawn only once. If the student needs funds again or wants a renewal of an existing loan, a fresh request is made to the bank. Thus, a student is required to negotiate every time he is taking a new loan or renewing an existing loan. The banker is at liberty to grant or refuse such a request depending upon his own cash resources and the credit policy of the bank.

As the time of repayment of the loan or its installments is fixed in advance for student loans, this system ensures a greater degree of self-discipline on the borrower as compared to the cash credit system. Whenever any loan is granted or its renewal is sanctioned, the banker gets the opportunity to automatically review the loan account. Unsatisfactory loan accounts may be discontinued at the discretion of the banker. The system is comparatively simple. Interest accrues to the bank on the entire amount lent to a student.

Every time a loan is required, it is to be negotiated with the banker. To avoid it, students may borrow in excess of their exact requirements to provide for any contingency. Banks have no control over the use of funds borrowed by the student. However, banks insist on hypothecation of the asset purchased with the loan amount. Though student loans are for fixed periods, in practice they roll over, i.e., they are renewed frequently. Loan documentation is more comprehensive as compared to cash credit system. Under the cash credit system, the banker specifies a limit for each customer, up to which the customer is permitted to borrow against the security of tangible assets or guarantees.

No Credit Check Loans provides detailed information on No Credit Check Auto Loans, No Credit Check Business Loans, No Credit Check Cash Loans, No Credit Check Home Loans and more. No Credit Check Loans is affiliated with Personal Loans For People With Bad Credit.

Theres a guilty pleasure I get when listening to Shawty by Fort Myers, Florida native Plies. On one hand, the musical track, the catchy hook sung by R&Bs hottest singer of the moment, T-Pain and the complimentary music video-complete with cars, jewelry, celebrity cameos, thick attractive females and a pool, fits what seems to be the perfect formula for a hit record on the radio, on the charts, on cable music networks and in the streets these days.

On the other hand, many listening to the song would find the lyrics offensive and demeaning to women (that includes the music video), and yet every time its played on the radio I turn up the volume and whenever I catch the music video on cable lets just say that its must see TV.

Ive said before that Hip-Hop, whether its uplifting, militant, political, comedic, ready-made for the nightclub, gangsta, or audio pornography is very seductive. Even the anti-Hip-Hop listener will find it damn near impossible to not tap his feet or bop his head to the beat. And if he doesnt know or even understand the lyrics within the verses of the song, hell be able to pick up the words (or at least be able to hum the tune) to the catchy choruses.

But Im not an anti-Hip-Hop listener. I love Hip-Hop. Ive always been sort of an old soul greatly influenced by the 60s and 70s R&B/Soul music and yet my generation and much of my own identity has been shaped from the lifestyle of Hip-Hop culture and the sound of its music. Being that Im a loyal fan of Soul music in which most of the themes center around love and romance, the Hip-Hop love song has always been a favorite of mine. There have been a lot of love songs in Hip-Hop but of course the most well-known, documented and celebrated one is I Need Love by L.L. Cool J.

Well, Shawty isnt I Need Love!

L.L. is a master of the Hip-Hop love song. First of all, as his name indicates, Cool J gets much love from the ladies. But he lived up to their appeal and developed a reputation for writing and performing romantic, heartfelt songs about love and relationships. The lyrics to many of L.L.s love songs could have been sung as R&B songs by Marvin Gaye or Luther Vandross without any reservation. L.L. knows how to make the kind of songs that will have mass appeal to the ladies regardless of race, age or geography.

But to keep it all the way real, L.L. has made love songs that are more about lust than love-Back Seat (In my jeep.lets swing an episode) immediately comes to mind. Pliess Shawty is more Back Seat than I Need Love. The song is basically about a guy thats fooling around with another mans girl. The relationship is far from serious and the lyrics to the song details Plies own episodes of raw, uncensored and unadulterated sex

First Time I Caught Her Shit, She Aint Even Know How To Throw It Back Now She An Animal, I Got Her Sex Game Right I Taught Her How To Talk To Me While She Take Pipe & Opened Her Up & Showed Her What A Real Nig*a Like I Told Her I Dont Usually Do This, I Dont Fu*k On The First Night Cause After I Beat Ya Baby Im Liable To Fu*k Up Ya Whole Life I Got her Trained, Now She Suck Me With Ice I Call Her My Lil Bust It Baby Cause She Keep It Tight.

Ladies and gentlemen, this is not a love song!

Shawty is a perfect song to play in the background during the freaky sex scenes in the average bootleg, hood porno flick! Its not exactly the kind of song that a newlywed couple puts on to set a romantic mood on their wedding night. The song is made for the late night booty call. As you can tell from the above excerpt, the lyrics are explicit and not appropriate for the ears of junior high school kids. Of course, lets not fool ourselves, junior high school kids are likely Plies biggest fans!

Shawty is a song for grown folks however and I know Im not the only adult-30 and over that enjoy this song. What is it about Shawty that has appeal? Is it the musical track? Is it the catchy hook sung by the electronic sounds of T-Pain? Is it Pliess swagger?

There are many listeners that can relate to the kind of sex-talk rhymed in Shawty. Like it or not, there are more relationships based entirely on raw sex than those based on serious, long-term true love. People, young and old, are deeply and sometimes dangerously involved in affairs that revolve around late night wild, sex-capades. The details of these kinds of bedroom activities are often left secret or reserved for the mens locker room.

But Hip-Hop artists are going to say what no one else is willing to say, right?

Yes and no.

Shawty actually follows a long line of songs, from Rock, Pop, and Blues to Hip-Hop that are filled with explicit, raw, down-and-dirty lyrics about sex. Some of these songs are celebrated as art while others are rejected as smut. Im not one to make that kind of distinction. I will say that songs that speak of love and happiness (like Al Green would say) are universally accepted and respected because they reflect what most of us supposedly claim we want out of our relationships.

Musically there is nothing better than a beautiful, well-written, well-arranged and well-performed love song. Im not knocking Rock, Pop or any other genre but I personally believe that the greatest love songs have come from R&B and Soul music, songs recorded by singers like Sam Cooke, Marvin Gaye, The Isley Brothers, etc. But I also think that some of the best Hip-Hop songs ever made have been about love and romance.

I have to be honest in saying that the love song just isnt what it used to be. I almost feel bad for younger generations of music fans who dont hear enough well-written, well-arranged and well-performed heartfelt love songs unless they dig in the crates of their parents old records or listen to old school radio stations. For example, there are lyrics to some of todays so-called R&B/Soul music that are just as explicit or sometimes more so than anything youd hear on a Hip-Hop record.

Though the lyrics to Shawty are undoubtedly a turn off to fans of more conventional romantic love ballads, the fact that the hypnotic song is in heavy rotation on radio stations across the country and is quickly becoming one of the most downloaded songs on the Internet, shows that there is a rather large audience for music more about wild, crazy, and freaky sex with no strings attached than those songs about passionate and committed genuine love.

Duane L. Lawton is a writer and avid Hip-Hop fan (especially Hip-Hop from the Golden Era). He lives in the Washington D.C. metro area. Visit http://DuaneLawton.com

I was driving to work the other day, enjoying my obligatory glass of morning stimulant. This morning it was a can of Red Bull, I didnt have time to stop at Starbucks, and I noticed that the primary ingredient in Red Bull is Taurine. After hearing their commercial on the radio, I got to thinking. How exactly does Red Bull work, and does it really give you wings? Does it give you more energy? Does it make you more alert?

Well, upon inspecting the ingredients and doing some research, which wasnt hard working as a bulk vitamin distributor, I found that the Red Bull wings reference may be more geared to mental well being than to actual body energy. At least this may be the case with Taurine. As it turns out, Taurine is an amino acid that is used in our body for a number of activities. A couple of which are to act as a neural regulator, and to protect heart function. Substantial amounts of Taurine are also found in our eyes and stomach bile. There is no doubt that Taurine is beneficial, but I could not find any data that indicated it would give you an energy boost.

After searching and searching, I realized that the "wings" reference may be geared more toward your mental state. As I indicated, Taurine acts as a neural regulator. In fact, it is one of those chemicals in our brain that is responsible for a calm positive mood. Perhaps the wings effect is referring to the fact that the Taurine in Red Bull will make you calm and clear-headed. There has certainly been data to demonstrate that Taurine is effective when dealing with stress. Another ingredient that would indicate that the "wings" tag line may refer more to your mental state is the ingredient Inositol. This is another compound that has been shown to have a positive, calming, effect on your mood.

What about an energy boost? In looking at the ingredients, Caffeine certainly jumps out as a major stimulant. Other than that, sugar is always effective at providing a good short-term energy boost. These are probably the main ingredients that will make you more "vitalized."

So does Red Bull give you "Wings?" Well, the Taurine and Inositol in it will certainly make you feel good. It has caffeine, so there should be a small energy boost, and the other compounds listed can help with your metabolism. Overall, it should have a positive effect on your body, and at least make you feel a little calmer and more energized. As for wings, well, what would we do with them if we had them anyway?

About The Author

Barrett Niehus is a principal for IP Ware, http://www.freetrainer.com and a technical associate for Compound Solutions http://www.compoundsolutions.com in Escondido, California.

You are ready to buy your first home, but where do you start the search? Well as it is today, the best place to start would be in the online market, because the online market offers some of the most competitive interest rates, and you can apply right from the convenience and privacy of your home.

Does this mean that the online process is just 1,2,3.. and you are ready to buy? No, this means the online community is one of the better places to start. This article will take a look at the good, the bad, and the useless online Mortgages. Not every web site is your key to your new home and not every web site is what it claims to be. So why don't we start with the tools that are available for the novice buyer, and then move into the online programs that are valuable, and finish up with the online mortgage companies?

What would fall under the classification of good online mortgages?

Many of the advertised web sites do offer really useful tools for a novice buyer, in order to prepare them and determine eligibility levels. Tools such as the mortgage calculator, the debt to income ratio calculator, and tools available that will determine the mortgage products that are obtainable based on your input of information are really helpful, and do actually provide the potential home-buyer with working information. Normally, all of the major web sites will provide access to these tools through the use of hyperlinks; some even offer to calculate home value based on your location.

The most useful and perhaps the most often offered tool for the perspective home-owner is the application form to pre-qualify and to have a representative contact you. There is nothing like talking to another person, especially one that is a specialist in the mortgage industry, in order for you to determine what you actually will qualify for, and what you might actually want to buy.

What other options and tools are available on these web sites? Another useful and often overlooked tool is the link that will provide you with access to your credit file. More often than not, a young person tries to pre-qualify for a mortgage product, and there is no existing credit history, there is no established credit score, and therefore there is no hope of obtaining a mortgage. At least not without a cosigner. But if you are a beginner, and you take the time to visit web sites you can gain access to information, before it is necessary to have established plan. This in itself puts you one step ahead.

What would fall under the classification of bad online mortgages?

Here is the only item that we can truly file as a bad side effect of and online mortgage quest: your name and information is shared with all other online lenders, and at some point in time your phone will ring, and a telemarketer will asked to speak with you, in order to sell you a mortgage. Now, a mortgage is not really something that you impulse buy, therefore we believe this to be a waste of time for you, the telemarketer, and the online mortgage company.

What falls under the useless online mortgages category

The web sites that offer to find bidders to bid and compete, for your mortgage business. First of all they do not gather enough information to actually compete for anything; What mortgage company is willing to submit a bid for your business until they check your credit file, are familiar with your credit score, and know something about the property you are proposing to buy.

Now why would you even advertise like this? Well the answers really simple these web sites that offer to recruit mortgage companies that will be it for your business are telemarketers in disguise. They quite obviously earn a commission for every lead they provide for a mortgage company, and you are simply providing information to be one of their leads. It's really a simple way to search for and locate live leads, and it really does save a lot of live telephone time.

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So this is our input to give you are a general overview of the online mortgages market, the good, the bad, and the useless.

About The Author

Morten Hansen has been focused on the Mortgages area for several years and is mainly writing about subjects, that make it easier for people to understand the different issues about Mortgages. For more details about Mortgages Loans visit our website www.MortgagesTips4you.com

Many people, when hearing I do wedding photography, often remark "Oh, do you keep the couple out their entire wedding? I remember so-and-so, we hardly saw them..." Often, this is not something a photographer does on purpose. From our stand point, we get a lot of grief from the DJ and reception hall when this happens, because it holds them up. So what does it happen?

Simply put, bad organization of the people involved in the formals. Ask any wedding photographer, and one of the most stressful times of the wedding is when we are waiting for Uncle Joe, or Cousin Mary, nobody knows where they are, and it's 5 minutes till the introduction.

To prevent this from happening, I strongly suggest to all my couples they make sure they tell all the people who are suppose to be in the formals to stick around. In fact, I tell them, and suggest to you, to have one of the non-bridal party relatives act as the cat-herder and make sure nobody wanders off. We unfortunately don't know anyone, so we can't do it.

I also would let the photographer know if you happen to have a family member whose disabled either mentally or physically. They may have a suggestion on how to organize the formals so the best time can be made while the family member makes their way over to the location, or even have the formals come to them for that series of shots they are in.

This is common sense advice I suppose, but I can't tell you how many times I've had it happen to me, and have had it happen to others. So remember, if you want your wedding formals to go quickly, appoint someone to be the honorary cat-herder. I'll even supply the cat-nip!

Dave Blake is a published wedding photographer located in Westchester County, NY. His work and additional resources can be viewed at http://www.daveblakephotography.com

In the realm of car audio, the possibilities are endless. There are hundreds of brands and thousands of products out there. Majestic Modifications would like to help restore some order to the chaos of building your system. Lets look at some of the components that make up a car audio system.

The Head Unit

The Head Unit is the brains of the operation. Without this component, your car audio system can't and won't work. The head unit is the central processing device in the system. The head unit controls all the functions in your car audio system. Music too loud? Turn down the volume. Too soft? Turn it up. Want more bass? Add bass input. In addition to volume, bass, etc., the head unit may contain other systems within its casing. These include: tuner, cassette, equalizer, CD or amplifier.

You see, in a home music system, where you have much more room, many stereo setups will include a separate box for each one of these components -- CD, cassette, etc. You may have a home system like that yourself. In a car, with its space limitations, these components are often crammed into one box -- the head unit. This depends upon a number of factors, such as heat, space, cosmetic design and other concerns, and every car is different.

The Amplifier

All car audio systems have an amplifier, even if it's a small one. Occasionally the amplifier will be attached to the rear of the head unit; however, in most systems it is hidden elsewhere in the car to better dissipate heat. Signal amplification is actually a two-stage process, handled by two separate components. These are the preamplifier and the power amplifier.

The preamplifier (preamp, for short) is a very tiny signal coming directly from the head unit. Whether it's reproducing a cassette signal, a CD signal, or an FM broadcast, the preamp puts out a signal that the amplifier can use. This is where the power amplifier takes over. It's the power amp's job to take the signal from the preamp and boost it into the audible range. We'll cover this in more depth in our Amplifier column in this series. Again, because of heat, most amplifiers are located away from the head unit.

The Speakers

The speakers take the boosted signal from the power amp and create sound waves. Essentially, speakers transform electrical energy (the amplified signal) into mechanical energy (the motion of the speaker cone). For now, know that all sound is vibration, which is a chain of frequencies in the air that eventually vibrate the membranes in your eardrums. Sound energy is measured in wavelengths, known as hertz, with the audible range falling between 20 to 20,000 cycles. A cycle is the distance from the top of one wavelength to the top of the next.

There are three types of speakers that produce sounds across the audible spectrum: woofers, tweeters and midrange drivers. As the name implies, the woofer reproduces the lower frequencies. The tweeter, also aptly named, replicates the highest register. The midrange handles the frequencies in between.

Auxiliary Input Devices

Components such as CD changers and equalizers, not to mention cell phones, navigation systems, MP3 players and many of the newer technologies, interface with the head unit for amplification and signal processing.

With a little knowledge of car audio components, it's time to start searching for your own car audio system!

Majestic Modifications is the complete car customization concept, specializing in auto parts and aftermarket car accessories, cold air intakes and performance upgrades, body kits and exterior accessories, glow gauges and interior accessories, wheels and tires, mobile video, car audio and electronics. For more info, check out the car audio blog.

Deciding to sell your business can be one of the biggest decisions in your life, whatever the reasons are for the sale. It is impossible not to become emotionally attached to your own business. Seeing a business grow can be a wonderful thing on the flip side deciding to sell the business can be gut wrenching experience.

Ideally a business owner will have prepared for the sae at least 2 years previously. This process is generally started by assessing the financial state of the business with a view to creating audited financial statements with future projections that show the company's revenue and potential growth.

Documentation should be put together to clearly show all transactions, this is vital information for any purchaser, it will allow the company to be easily evaluated. Information on customers should also be available; a new owner would not want to face a customer who expects to be treated in a particular way, not armed with this information

All supplier and customer contracts should be examined. Terms and conditions for each process should be available, if required. Contracts should not be coming to an end as new owner takes charge. Terminating contracts out of spite simply because you are selling the business serves no purpose at all. Remember when selling a business it is not simply about financials, it is also about keeping your reputation.

Start codifying business policies and procedures, if necessary, create a handover file this file should document exactly how to best run the business including as much information as possible as to aid the new owner, even your thoughts on future growth and development will be useful.

You will need to review your real estate leases, if your business is tied to a particular location you will need to make sure the lease is not set to expire or require renegotiation at the time you are planning to sell the company. The location of the company may discourage buyers; if so consider moving to a different location before you put the business on the market.

Equipment leases and material contracts will have to be checked so they have plenty of time to run when the business sis handed over. You will need to fully evaluate and catalogue all the company assets.

Finally, don't forget about the employees. The loss of key employees during the sale of the business can ruin a deal. Key employees are crucial to the new owner's success, so it's important to determine which employees are prepared to stay with the company during and after the transition. It is important that employees don't hear about the sale of the company from a third party.

If you would like any more information on this subject then please visit our website at http://www.bizseller4u.com/

Peter Arkwright recently retired from the military; he is now the Managing Director of Bizseller4u Ltd - Providing business solutions in sales, advertising, funding, debt collection and recovery plans

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Today while driving I saw a young girl, probably around 11 years old, on a cell phone. She was walking along the side of the street talking to someone, and I couldnt help but think that maybe she was talking to someone across the street because she wasnt allowed to cross it. Whatever the reason, though, there is something about an 11-year-old on a cell phone that legitimately scares me, and it has nothing to do with the fact that she is probably getting more calls than I am...

I always (for the past five minutes) thought it would be interesting if the transmissions from cell phones could be visible, so that I could look out the window right now and see all the words that are being passed from one phone to another. Another added plus of the words being visible is that I could reach into the air and take away the ones that I dont like, therefore completely changing peoples conversations. With me controlling the airwaves, people would never use cell phones again, and we would no longer have to worry about walking down the street and being hit with a hello, or a goodbye, or a he needs to stop messing with my mothers wounded llama, the latter of which would be a sentence that I formed based on stealing certain key words from zookeepers conversations...

I always wondered as has everyone what it is like when two zookeepers got together. Do they act like party animals? Maybe go ape? If two zookeepers are reading this column simultaneously, I think an e-mail is in order. But I will only read this correspondence if both zookeepers have equal say in the wording...

Back to my complaints about cell phones, though. If I am unable to control the words soaring through the air, I would at least like to take a visit to a central satellite which serves as the basis for cellular conversations. I am thinking that if I point the satellite in a different direction, this would cause each person to call people they normally would never call, like the kid in homeroom who said hell keep in touch, or that telemarketer you said youd get back to at some point. Better yet, perhaps I can point the satellite in the direction that forces each person to only call his or her own phone, which would be a useful concept in the Dakotas, where there arent a lot of people to converse with anyway...

With this accomplished, Id also like to set up a pen pal system amongst the residents of North and South Dakota. I dont necessarily think they should send letters to each other, but I believe they should trade pens on a weekly basis. This kind of sharing will prove valuable in the unity of the states, as well in the general maintenance of ink and the management thereof...

Such a program will be coordinated by an 11-year-old on a cell phone...

But I digress.

Greg Gagliardi is a teacher and writer. His stream-of-consciousness weekly humor column, "Progressive Revelations," has been ongoing since 1998. (http://www.ProgressiveRevelations.com)